Personality

Definition
As defined by Toplis et al (1991), the term personality is all-embracing in terms of the
individual’s behaviour and the way it is organized and coordinated when he or she
interacts with the environment. Personality can be described in terms of traits or
types.

The so-called big five personality traits as defined by Deary and Matthews (1993) are:
● Neuroticism – anxiety, depression, hostility, self-consciousness, impulsiveness, vulnerability;
● Extraversion – warmth, gregariousness, assertiveness, activity, excitement seeking, positive                emotions; Very emotional> difficult to work with b/w upset for no reason;
● Openness – feelings, actions, ideas, values;
● Agreeableness – trust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty, tender mindedness;
● Conscientiousness – competence, order, dutifulness, achievement-striving, self discipline,                     deliberation.



Psychological testing
A psychological test is "an objective and standardized measure of a sample of behavior" (p. 4).[1] The term sample of behavior refers to an individual's performance on tasks that have usually been prescribed beforehand.

Advantages

1. Provide numeric information where we compare individual.
2. Give explicit and specific results on person.
3. Eliminate corruption.

Disadvantages

1. Test can be fake.
2. People lie about themselves.